Ph.Total – total number of ramets sex phenotyped (in field). Ph.Num.fh - number of ramets phenotyped as female of hermaphrodite (in field). Ph.Num.hm - number of ramets phenotyped as hermaphrodite or male (in field). Ph.Num.m - number of ramets phenotyped as male (in field). Ph.Num.h - number of ramets phenotyped as hermaphrodite (in field). Ph.Num.f – number of ramets phenotyped as female (in field). It is used for the R analysis of correlation between phenotypic and genotypic sex ratio. This file summarizes phenotypic and genotypic sex ratio for 11 dioecious populations. latifolia appear to be the most important determinants of clonal structure and diversity. Differences in life history between the sexual systems of S. Genotypic diversity declined with latitude for both sexual systems, but monoecious populations exhibited lower genotypic richness. In contrast to our predictions, monoecious clones were significantly larger than dioecious clones, probably due to their higher rates of vegetative growth and corm production, and in dioecious populations there was no difference in clone size between females and males ramet- and genet-based sex ratios were therefore highly correlated. latifolia at the northern range limit in eastern N. We used spatially explicit sampling to address these hypotheses in 10 monoecious and 11 dioecious populations of S. Differences in clone size and flowering could result in discordance between ramet- and genet-based sex ratios. Here, we exploit the occurrence of monoecy and dioecy in clonal Sagittaria latifola (Alismataceae) to evaluate two main hypotheses: (1) clone sizes are smaller in monoecious than dioecious populations, because of constraints imposed on clone size by costs associated with geitonogamy (2) in dioecious populations, male clones are larger and flower more often than female clones because of sex-differential reproductive costs. Clonality is often implicated in models of the evolution of dioecy, but few studies have explicitly compared clonal structure between plant sexual systems, or between the sexes in dioecious populations.
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